Diabetes: What You Need to Know
Diabetes is a chronic health condition where the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels is impaired. It occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin produced. Insulin is essential for transporting blood sugar to cells for energy. Type 1 diabetes typically begins in childhood and results from the immune system attacking the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes, more common, occurs in adults and is linked to lifestyle factors. Over 38 million people in the U.S. live with diabetes (CDC).What Are the Causes?
- Genetic Predisposition: A family history of diabetes increases the risk.
- Obesity and Inactivity: Excess weight and a sedentary lifestyle raise the risk of Type 2 diabetes.
- Unhealthy Diet: Sugary foods and processed carbohydrates increase the risk.
- Hormonal Disorders: Conditions like PCOS can elevate diabetes risk.
- Stress and Sleep Deprivation: These disrupt hormonal balance, affecting blood sugar.
What Are the Consequences?
- Increased risk of heart attack and stroke.
- Kidney failure (diabetic nephropathy).
- Nerve damage (neuropathy), causing numbness and loss of sensation.
- Vision loss (diabetic retinopathy).
- Foot ulcers and infection risks.
What Should You Pay Attention To?
- Blood Sugar Monitoring: Regularly check levels with glucose meters.
- Healthy Diet: Consume low-glycemic foods (vegetables, whole grains).
- Exercise: Engage in 150 minutes of walking or swimming weekly.
- Weight Control: Maintain a healthy weight.
- Doctor Visits: Adhere to medication or insulin regimens.
- Smoking and Alcohol: Limit these to reduce risks.
- Stress Management: Practice yoga or meditation.
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